Phytocenology

Opterećenje: 30(P) + 0(L) + 15(A) + 0(PK) + 0(S) + 0(TJ) + 0(SJ) + 16(T)

Sadržaj predmeta: Lectures: 1. Definition and task of phytocenology. Division of phytocenology. Historical development. Phytocenological majors and schools. 2. Biogeocenosis. Natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. Quantitative and qualitative indicators. 3. Analytical processing. Data collection. Synthetic elaboration. The meaning of species in synthetic elaboration. Statistical methods of processing phytocenological recordings. 4. Synecology. Classification of factors. Arrangement of plant communities in relation to climatic factors (light, heat, water, wind). 5. Relationship of plant species and plant communities to soil properties. The relationship between soil types and plant communities. Geomorphological factors - altitude, exposure, slope, relief and their influence on the arrival of various types of vegetation. 6. Application of numerical multivariate analysis of phytocenological recordings. Using the Syntax 2000 software package. Cluster analysis - procedure with examples. 7. Application of multidimensional scaling - procedure with examples. 8. Application of eco-indicator scales according to Ellenberg. Processing of environmental data using the computer program Juice 7.0. Characteristic plant species of forest and grassland habitats. 9. Morphological characteristics of the most important hydrophilic, hygrophilic, mesophilic and xerophilic plant species and their eco-indicator values. Representative plant communities in relation to moisture. Analysis of moisture indicator values ​​in computer programs. 10. . Morphological characteristics of the most important neutrophilic, acidophilic and basophilic plant species and their eco-indicator values. Plant communities in relation to soil acidity. Analysis of indicator values ​​of soil acidity in computer programs. 11. . Examples of determining the biological spectrum and the spectrum of flor geoelements. 12. Changes in the flora composition of the most important types of successions 13. Methodology of classic vegetation mapping. Field work. Work in the office. Examples. 14. New methods of vegetation research and mapping. Remote sensing of vegetation. Aerial photographs and their application. Satellite images and their application in vegetation research. Sensors for recording vegetation. GIS - technology, examples. 15. Digitization of vegetation maps - procedure, examples and advantages. Use in practice. Exercises are held in the computer classroom using computer programs. Field lesson (two days): 1. Getting to know the most important plant communities in urban areas, their synecology, syndynamics, plant species and systematics, and especially their value and importance for urban areas. 2. Getting to know the most important plant communities in protected areas, their synecology, syndynamics, plant species and systematics, and especially their value and importance in protected areas.